English Grammar: Prepositions – Complete Guide with Rules & MCQs for WB Gram Panchayat Exam

 English Grammar: Prepositions


Introduction

Preposition হলো English Grammar-এর অন্যতম গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অধ্যায়। Competitive Exam-এ Fill in the Blanks, Error Detection, Sentence Improvement, Cloze Test এবং MCQ-এ Preposition থেকে নিয়মিত প্রশ্ন আসে।

অনেক পরীক্ষার্থী নিচের বিষয়গুলোতে ভুল করে—

  • ❌ In / On / At
  • ❌ By / With
  • ❌ Since / For
  • ❌ Between / Among
  • ❌ Into / In
  • ❌ Over / Above
  • ❌ Below / Under

এই Complete Guide-এ আমরা সহজ বাংলা ভাষায় Preposition-এর সব Rules, Types, Examples, Exceptions, Shortcut Tricks এবং Exam-Oriented MCQs শিখব।


Table of Contents

  1. What is a Preposition?
  2. Types of Prepositions
  3. Prepositions of Time
  4. Prepositions of Place
  5. Prepositions of Direction
  6. Commonly Confused Prepositions
  7. Common Mistakes
  8. MCQs
  9. FAQ

What is a Preposition?

Definition (English)

A Preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and another word in a sentence.


বাংলা সংজ্ঞা

যে শব্দ Noun বা Pronoun-এর সঙ্গে বাক্যের অন্য শব্দের সম্পর্ক (স্থান, সময়, দিক, কারণ, মাধ্যম ইত্যাদি) প্রকাশ করে, তাকে Preposition বলে।


Examples

  • The book is on the table.

বইটি টেবিলের উপর আছে।

  • He lives in Kolkata.

সে কলকাতায় থাকে।

  • The train arrived at 9 a.m.

ট্রেন সকাল ৯টায় পৌঁছেছে।

  • She walked into the room.

সে ঘরের ভিতরে ঢুকল।


Types of Prepositions

TypePurposeExamples
Preposition of Timeসময় বোঝায়In, On, At, Since, For
Preposition of Placeস্থান বোঝায়In, On, At, Under, Behind
Preposition of Directionদিক বোঝায়Into, Towards, Across
Preposition of Movementচলাচল বোঝায়To, From, Through
Preposition of Causeকারণ বোঝায়Because of, Due to
Preposition of Instrumentমাধ্যম বোঝায়By, With

Prepositions of Time

1. In

In ব্যবহার হয়—

  • Month
  • Year
  • Century
  • Season
  • Long Period

Examples

In January

In 2025

In winter

In the morning

In the 21st century


Example Sentences

He was born in 2002.


We will meet in December.


She studies in the morning.


2. On

On ব্যবহার হয়—

  • Day
  • Date
  • Specific Day

Examples

On Monday

On Sunday

On 15 August

On my birthday


Example Sentences

The exam is on Monday.


He was born on 21 January.


3. At

At ব্যবহার হয়—

  • Exact Time
  • Festivals (as a point of time)
  • Specific Place

Examples

At 8 a.m.

At noon

At midnight

At sunrise

At present


Example Sentences

The train arrived at 9 p.m.


The meeting starts at 10 o'clock.


📊 In vs On vs At (Time)

PrepositionUsed ForExample
InMonth, Year, SeasonIn July
OnDay, DateOn Monday
AtExact TimeAt 8 p.m.

Easy Memory Trick

IN

👉 বড় সময় (Big Time)

  • In 2025
  • In January
  • In Winter

ON

👉 মাঝারি সময় (Day & Date)

  • On Monday
  • On Sunday
  • On 10 June

AT

👉 নির্দিষ্ট সময় (Exact Time)

  • At 7 a.m.
  • At noon
  • At midnight

Prepositions of Place

1. In

ব্যবহার হয়—

কোনো বড় জায়গা, শহর, দেশ, ঘরের ভিতরে বা আবদ্ধ স্থানে

Examples

In India

In Kolkata

In a room

In a box

In the garden


Example Sentences

She lives in Delhi.


The keys are in the bag.


2. On

ব্যবহার হয়—

কোনো কিছুর উপরের পৃষ্ঠে (Surface)

Examples

On the table

On the wall

On the roof

On the floor


Example Sentences

The book is on the table.


There is a picture on the wall.


3. At

ব্যবহার হয়—

নির্দিষ্ট স্থান বা Point বোঝাতে।

Examples

At school

At home

At the station

At the airport

At the bus stop


Example Sentences

I am at home.


She is waiting at the station.


📊 In vs On vs At (Place)

PrepositionUseExample
InInside বড় এলাকাIn Kolkata
OnSurfaceOn the table
AtExact PointAt school

Common Beginner Mistakes

❌ He lives at Kolkata.

✔ He lives in Kolkata.

❌ The book is in the table.

✔ The book is on the table.

❌ She arrived in 8 p.m.

✔ She arrived at 8 p.m.

❌ We will meet at Monday.

✔ We will meet on Monday.


💡 DC Mentor Smart Tips

IN = Inside / বড় সময় / বড় স্থান

ON = Surface / Day / Date

AT = Exact Time / Exact Point


📖 Quick Revision

PrepositionTimePlace
InMonth, YearCity, Country
OnDay, DateSurface
AtExact TimeExact Place

🎯 Important Points

  • Preposition সম্পর্ক প্রকাশ করে।
  • In → Month, Year, City, Country, Inside।
  • On → Day, Date, Surface।
  • At → Exact Time, Exact Place।
  • In–On–At Competitive Exam-এর সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অংশগুলোর একটি।

Commonly Confused Prepositions

Competitive Exam-এ সবচেয়ে বেশি প্রশ্ন আসে এমন Prepositions-গুলো এখানে বিস্তারিতভাবে আলোচনা করা হলো।


1. Since vs For

এই Topic থেকে প্রায় প্রতি পরীক্ষাতেই প্রশ্ন আসে।

SinceFor
নির্দিষ্ট সময় (Starting Point)সময়ের দৈর্ঘ্য (Duration)
Since 2020For two years
Since MondayFor five days
Since morningFor three hours
Since JanuaryFor six months

Examples

  • I have lived here since 2020.আমি ২০২০ সাল থেকে এখানে বাস করছি।
  • She has been studying since morning.সে সকাল থেকে পড়ছে।
  • They have worked here for five years.তারা পাঁচ বছর ধরে এখানে কাজ করছে।
  • I have waited for two hours.আমি দুই ঘণ্টা ধরে অপেক্ষা করছি।


Easy Trick

👉 Since = Starting Point

👉 For = Period of Time


2. By vs With

অনেকেই এই দুটি Preposition গুলিয়ে ফেলেন।

ByWith
কাজের কর্তা, মাধ্যম, পরিবহনযন্ত্র, উপকরণ, বস্তু
By busWith a knife
By trainWith a pen
By RahimWith a stick

Examples

  • The letter was written by Rahim.চিঠিটি রহিম লিখেছিল।
  • I go to school by bus.আমি বাসে করে স্কুলে যাই।
  • He cut the fruit with a knife.সে ছুরি দিয়ে ফল কাটল।
  • She wrote with a blue pen.সে নীল কলম দিয়ে লিখেছে।


Shortcut

By = কে / দ্বারা / পরিবহন

With = কী দিয়ে


3. Between vs Among

BetweenAmong
দুইজন বা দুইটির মধ্যেদুইয়ের বেশি ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর মধ্যে

Examples

  • Divide the cake between the two boys.
  • The teacher stood among the students.
  • The match was played between India and Australia.
  • She was sitting among her friends.


Easy Trick

2 = Between

3 বা তার বেশি = Among


4. Into vs In

IntoIn
বাইরে থেকে ভিতরে যাওয়া (Movement)ভিতরে থাকা (Position)

Examples

  • He went into the room.সে ঘরের ভিতরে ঢুকল।
  • He is in the room. সে ঘরের ভিতরে আছে।
  • The cat jumped into the box.
  • The cat is in the box.


Shortcut

👉 Into = Movement

👉 In = Position


5. Over vs Above

OverAbove
ঠিক উপরে, ঢেকে বা অতিক্রম করেউপরে কিন্তু স্পর্শ নয়

Examples

  • The plane flew over the city.
  • A fan is above my head.
  • The bridge is over the river.
  • There is a lamp above the table.


Easy Trick

Over = উপরে + চলাচল/ঢেকে থাকা

Above = শুধু উপরে


6. Under vs Below

UnderBelow
ঠিক নিচেনিচের স্তরে

Examples

  • The cat is under the table.
  • The temperature is below zero.
  • He hid under the bed.
  • His marks are below average.


Shortcut

Under = ঠিক নিচে

Below = নিচের স্তরে / কম


7. Across vs Through

AcrossThrough
এক পাশ থেকে অন্য পাশেভিতর দিয়ে

Examples

  • She walked across the road.
  • The train passed through the tunnel.
  • He swam across the river.
  • Sunlight comes through the window.


Easy Trick

Across = এক প্রান্ত থেকে অন্য প্রান্ত

Through = ভিতর দিয়ে


8. Along vs Across

AlongAcross
বরাবরএক পাশ থেকে অন্য পাশে

Examples

  • We walked along the river.
  • He ran across the field.
  • They drove along the highway.
  • She walked across the bridge.


📊 Master Comparison Table

PairMeaning
SinceStarting Point
ForDuration
Byমাধ্যম/কর্তা
Withযন্ত্র/উপকরণ
Betweenদুইয়ের মধ্যে
Amongদুইয়ের বেশি
Intoভিতরে প্রবেশ
Inভিতরে থাকা
Overউপরে/অতিক্রম
Aboveশুধু উপরে
Underঠিক নিচে
Belowনিচের স্তরে
Acrossএক পাশ থেকে অন্য পাশে
Throughভিতর দিয়ে
Alongবরাবর

🚫 Common Grammar Mistakes

❌ I have lived here for 2020.

✔ I have lived here since 2020.

❌ He cut the fruit by a knife.

✔ He cut the fruit with a knife.

❌ Divide the cake among two boys.

✔ Divide the cake between two boys.

❌ He is into the room.

✔ He is in the room.

❌ The bird flew above the river.

✔ The bird flew over the river.

❌ The temperature is under zero.

✔ The temperature is below zero.

❌ The train passed across the tunnel.

✔ The train passed through the tunnel.

❌ We walked across the river.

✔ We walked along the river.


🎯 DC Mentor Memory Tricks

Since → Starting Point

Since = Start

For → Full Duration

For = Full Time

By → মাধ্যম / কে

By = Bus / Train / Person

With → Tool

With = Knife / Pen / Stick

Between → 2

Among → 3+

Into → Move Inside

In → Stay Inside

Across → Cross

Through → Tunnel


⚡ Competitive Exam Tips

Since/For থেকে প্রায় প্রতি পরীক্ষায় প্রশ্ন আসে।

By/With Active–Passive Voice-এর সঙ্গেও গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।

Between/Among Error Detection-এ নিয়মিত আসে।

Into/InAcross/Through Cloze Test-এ খুবই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।

📖 40+ Solved Examples

Prepositions of Time

Example 1

The meeting starts at 10 a.m.

Example 2

My birthday is on 21 January.

Example 3

He was born in 2001.

Example 4

We study in the evening.

Example 5

The office remains closed on Sunday.

Example 6

She arrived at midnight.

Example 7

The examination will begin at 9:30 a.m.

Example 8

Our vacation starts in December.

Example 9

The function is on Independence Day.

Example 10

I usually wake up at 6 a.m.


Prepositions of Place

Example 11

The keys are in the drawer.

Example 12

The mobile phone is on the table.

Example 13

My father is waiting at the bus stop.

Example 14

She lives in Mumbai.

Example 15

The picture is on the wall.

Example 16

The students are in the classroom.

Example 17

The teacher is at school.

Example 18

There is a bird on the tree.

Note: যখন পাখি ডালে বসে থাকে, সাধারণত on the tree ব্যবহার করা হয়।

Example 19

The children are playing in the park.

Example 20

The train stopped at the station.


Since / For

Example 21

I have lived here since 2020.

Example 22

She has been reading for three hours.

Example 23

They have worked here since Monday.

Example 24

He has been ill for two weeks.

Example 25

We have known each other since childhood.


By / With

Example 26

He travelled by train.

Example 27

She wrote the letter with a pen.

Example 28

The window was broken by a boy.

Example 29

He opened the box with a key.

Example 30

The homework was completed by Rina.


Between / Among

Example 31

The agreement was signed between India and Nepal.

Example 32

The teacher distributed chocolates among the students.

Example 33

Choose between tea and coffee.

Example 34

She felt comfortable among her friends.


Into / In

Example 35

The child ran into the room.

Example 36

The child is in the room.


Across / Through

Example 37

They walked across the bridge.

Example 38

The train passed through the tunnel.


Over / Above

Example 39

The helicopter flew over the city.

Example 40

The fan is above the dining table.


📝 Fill in the Blanks Practice

1.

He lives ______ Kolkata.

A. at

B. in

C. on

D. into

Answer: B

2.

The train arrives ______ 8:30 a.m.

A. in

B. on

C. at

D. by

Answer: C

3.

She has been working here ______ 2019.

A. for

B. since

C. by

D. in

Answer: B

4.

He wrote the answer ______ a pencil.

A. by

B. with

C. on

D. from

Answer: B

5.

The match was played ______ India and Australia.

A. among

B. between

C. into

D. through

Answer: B

6.

The cat jumped ______ the box.

A. in

B. into

C. at

D. on

Answer: B

7.

We walked ______ the river.

A. through

B. across

C. along

D. under

Answer: C

8.

The bird flew ______ the river.

A. over

B. under

C. below

D. in

Answer: A

9.

She reached school ______ time.

A. in

B. at

C. on

D. by

Answer: D

Explanation: By time = সময়মতো।

10.

The students walked ______ the classroom.

A. through

B. into

C. above

D. beside

Answer: B


📚 Verb + Preposition (Very Important)

Competitive Exam-এ এই অংশ থেকে নিয়মিত প্রশ্ন আসে।

VerbPrepositionExample
ListentoListen to music.
DependonWe depend on water.
BelieveinI believe in hard work.
AgreewithI agree with you.
AgreetoHe agreed to the proposal.
ApplyforApply for the job.
ApologizeforHe apologized for his mistake.
BelongtoThis bag belongs to me.
WaitforWait for me.
LookatLook at the board.
LookafterShe looks after her grandmother.
LaughatDon't laugh at others.
DealwithHe deals with customers.
SufferfromShe suffers from fever.
SearchforPolice searched for the missing child.

📘 Adjective + Preposition

AdjectivePrepositionExample
GoodatShe is good at English.
InterestedinI am interested in science.
AfraidofHe is afraid of dogs.
FamousforKolkata is famous for sweets.
DifferentfromThis book is different from that one.
FullofThe glass is full of water.
ProudofWe are proud of our country.
SimilartoYour answer is similar to mine.
ResponsibleforHe is responsible for the project.
MarriedtoShe is married to a doctor.

🚫 Error Detection Practice

1.

❌ He is good in English.

✔ He is good at English.

2.

❌ We discussed about the issue.

✔ We discussed the issue.

Discuss-এর পরে সাধারণত about ব্যবহৃত হয় না।

3.

❌ She married with a doctor.

✔ She is married to a doctor.

4.

❌ I prefer tea than coffee.

✔ I prefer tea to coffee.

5.

❌ He insisted to going.

✔ He insisted on going.

6.

❌ She entered into the room.

✔ She entered the room.

Enter-এর পরে সাধারণত into ব্যবহৃত হয় না।

7.

❌ He resembles with his father.

✔ He resembles his father.

8.

❌ The teacher explained me the lesson.

✔ The teacher explained the lesson to me.

9.

❌ They requested for help.

✔ They requested help.

10.

❌ He ordered for tea.

✔ He ordered tea.


🎯 DC Mentor's Golden Rules

Rule 1

Listen → to

✔ Listen to music.

Rule 2

Depend → on

✔ We depend on nature.

Rule 3

Interested → in

✔ Interested in mathematics.

Rule 4

Good → at

✔ Good at English.

Rule 5

Different → from

✔ Different from others.

Rule 6

Married → to

✔ Married to a teacher.

Rule 7

Proud → of

✔ Proud of India.

Rule 8

Responsible → for

✔ Responsible for the work.


⚡ Competitive Exam Strategy

মনে রাখার জন্য এই ১০টি Combination সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ—

  • Listen to
  • Depend on
  • Believe in
  • Good at
  • Interested in
  • Afraid of
  • Famous for
  • Different from
  • Proud of
  • Responsible for
এই ১০টি Combination থেকেই WB Gram Panchayat, SSC, TET, Railway, Banking এবং অন্যান্য Competitive Exam-এ বারবার প্রশ্ন আসে।

📝 Practice MCQs (30 Questions)

1. He lives ______ Kolkata.

A. at

B. in

C. on

D. into

Answer: B

Explanation: শহর (City)-এর আগে সাধারণত in ব্যবহৃত হয়।

2. The meeting starts ______ 10 a.m.

A. in

B. on

C. at

D. by

Answer: C

Explanation: নির্দিষ্ট সময়ের (Exact Time) আগে at বসে।

3. My birthday is ______ 21 January.

A. at

B. in

C. on

D. by

Answer: C

4. She has lived here ______ 2018.

A. for

B. since

C. by

D. from

Answer: B

5. We have been waiting ______ two hours.

A. since

B. in

C. for

D. by

Answer: C

6. He came ______ bus.

A. with

B. by

C. in

D. on

Answer: B

7. She cut the paper ______ scissors.

A. by

B. at

C. with

D. from

Answer: C

8. Divide the sweets ______ the two children.

A. among

B. between

C. into

D. through

Answer: B

9. The teacher stood ______ the students.

A. between

B. among

C. over

D. into

Answer: B

10. The boy jumped ______ the river.

A. into

B. in

C. at

D. on

Answer: A

11. The fish is ______ the water.

A. into

B. in

C. over

D. on

Answer: B

12. The plane flew ______ the city.

A. above

B. below

C. over

D. under

Answer: C

13. The fan is ______ my head.

A. over

B. above

C. into

D. through

Answer: B

14. The cat is hiding ______ the bed.

A. under

B. below

C. over

D. above

Answer: A

15. The temperature is ______ zero today.

A. under

B. below

C. over

D. above

Answer: B

16. We walked ______ the bridge.

A. through

B. across

C. under

D. beside

Answer: B

17. The train passed ______ the tunnel.

A. across

B. through

C. along

D. into

Answer: B

18. They walked ______ the river.

A. across

B. along

C. into

D. above

Answer: B

19. Please listen ______ me carefully.

A. at

B. to

C. on

D. with

Answer: B

20. We depend ______ electricity.

A. at

B. in

C. on

D. with

Answer: C

21. She is interested ______ music.

A. at

B. on

C. in

D. for

Answer: C

22. He is good ______ Mathematics.

A. in

B. on

C. at

D. with

Answer: C

23. Kolkata is famous ______ sweets.

A. of

B. at

C. for

D. with

Answer: C

24. This pen belongs ______ me.

A. with

B. at

C. to

D. for

Answer: C

25. She apologized ______ her mistake.

A. with

B. for

C. at

D. by

Answer: B

26. He suffers ______ asthma.

A. with

B. by

C. from

D. in

Answer: C

27. I agree ______ your opinion.

A. on

B. with

C. to

D. by

Answer: B

Explanation: কোনো ব্যক্তির মতামতের সঙ্গে একমত হলে agree with ব্যবহার হয়।

28. This book is different ______ that one.

A. than

B. with

C. from

D. to

Answer: C

29. The glass is full ______ water.

A. with

B. of

C. from

D. by

Answer: B

30. We are proud ______ our country.

A. for

B. with

C. of

D. to

Answer: C


📊 Complete Prepositions Revision Chart

RuleCorrect PrepositionExample
Month / YearInIn July, In 2025
Day / DateOnOn Monday
Exact TimeAtAt 8 a.m.
City / CountryInIn Kolkata
SurfaceOnOn the table
Exact PlaceAtAt school
Starting PointSinceSince 2020
DurationForFor two years
Transport / AgentByBy train, By Rahim
InstrumentWithWith a knife
Two Persons/ThingsBetweenBetween A and B
Three or MoreAmongAmong friends
Movement InsideIntoInto the room
Position InsideInIn the room
Cross from One SideAcrossAcross the road
Pass InsideThroughThrough the tunnel
Directly Higher / CoveringOverOver the bridge
Higher PositionAboveAbove the fan
Directly BelowUnderUnder the chair
Lower LevelBelowBelow sea level

⚡ Last-Minute Revision Notes

In → Month, Year, City, Country, Inside

On → Day, Date, Surface

At → Exact Time, Exact Place

Since → Starting Point

For → Duration

By → মাধ্যম / কর্তা / Transport

With → Tool / Instrument

Between → দুইজন / দুইটি

Among → তিন বা ততোধিক

Into → ভিতরে প্রবেশ

In → ভিতরে থাকা


🚫 Common Exam Traps

❌ He discussed about the issue.

✔ He discussed the issue.

❌ She entered into the room.

✔ She entered the room.

❌ I prefer tea than coffee.

✔ I prefer tea to coffee.

❌ He married with a doctor.

✔ He is married to a doctor.

❌ We requested for help.

✔ We requested help.

❌ He ordered for tea.

✔ He ordered tea.

❌ They reached to the station.

✔ They reached the station.

Note: Reach-এর পরে সাধারণত to ব্যবহৃত হয় না।

❌ He is good in English.

✔ He is good at English.


🎯 DC Mentor's Golden Formula

Preposition-এর প্রশ্ন এলে এই ৫ ধাপ অনুসরণ করুন—

Step 1

Time নাকি Place?

Step 2

Time হলে—

  • Month/Year → In
  • Day/Date → On
  • Exact Time → At

Step 3

Place হলে—

  • City/Country → In
  • Surface → On
  • Exact Point → At

Step 4

Movement নাকি Position?

  • Movement → Into
  • Position → In

Step 5

Comparison Pair মনে রাখুন—

  • Since ↔ For
  • By ↔ With
  • Between ↔ Among
  • Across ↔ Through
  • Over ↔ Above
  • Under ↔ Below

❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. Preposition কী?

Preposition হলো এমন একটি শব্দ যা Noun বা Pronoun-এর সঙ্গে বাক্যের অন্য অংশের সময়, স্থান, দিক, কারণ বা সম্পর্ক প্রকাশ করে।

2. Competitive Exam-এ কোন Preposition সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ?

In, On, At, Since, For, By, With, Between, Among, Into, Across, Through—এইগুলো সবচেয়ে বেশি জিজ্ঞাসা করা হয়।

3. Since এবং For-এর মধ্যে পার্থক্য কী?

  • Since = নির্দিষ্ট শুরুর সময় (Starting Point)
  • For = সময়ের দৈর্ঘ্য (Duration)

4. By এবং With-এর পার্থক্য কী?

  • By = ব্যক্তি, পরিবহন বা মাধ্যম
  • With = যন্ত্র বা উপকরণ

5. Preposition শেখার সবচেয়ে ভালো উপায় কী?

প্রতিদিন ১০–১৫টি Sentence Practice করুন এবং Verb + Preposition ও Adjective + Preposition Combination মুখস্থ করুন।


🏆 Conclusion

Prepositions হলো English Grammar-এর সবচেয়ে Scoring Topics-এর একটি। WB Gram Panchayat, SSC, TET, Railway, Banking, PSC, Food SI সহ প্রায় সব Competitive Exam-এ Preposition থেকে প্রশ্ন আসে।

শুধু নিয়ম পড়লেই হবে না—প্রতিদিন উদাহরণ পড়ুন, ভুলগুলো বুঝুন এবং MCQ Practice করুন। এতে Fill in the Blanks, Error Detection ও Cloze Test অনেক সহজ হয়ে যাবে।

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