English Grammar: Prepositions
Introduction
Preposition হলো English Grammar-এর অন্যতম গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অধ্যায়। Competitive Exam-এ Fill in the Blanks, Error Detection, Sentence Improvement, Cloze Test এবং MCQ-এ Preposition থেকে নিয়মিত প্রশ্ন আসে।
অনেক পরীক্ষার্থী নিচের বিষয়গুলোতে ভুল করে—
- ❌ In / On / At
- ❌ By / With
- ❌ Since / For
- ❌ Between / Among
- ❌ Into / In
- ❌ Over / Above
- ❌ Below / Under
এই Complete Guide-এ আমরা সহজ বাংলা ভাষায় Preposition-এর সব Rules, Types, Examples, Exceptions, Shortcut Tricks এবং Exam-Oriented MCQs শিখব।
Table of Contents
- What is a Preposition?
- Types of Prepositions
- Prepositions of Time
- Prepositions of Place
- Prepositions of Direction
- Commonly Confused Prepositions
- Common Mistakes
- MCQs
- FAQ
What is a Preposition?
Definition (English)
A Preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and another word in a sentence.
বাংলা সংজ্ঞা
যে শব্দ Noun বা Pronoun-এর সঙ্গে বাক্যের অন্য শব্দের সম্পর্ক (স্থান, সময়, দিক, কারণ, মাধ্যম ইত্যাদি) প্রকাশ করে, তাকে Preposition বলে।
Examples
- The book is on the table.
বইটি টেবিলের উপর আছে।
- He lives in Kolkata.
সে কলকাতায় থাকে।
- The train arrived at 9 a.m.
ট্রেন সকাল ৯টায় পৌঁছেছে।
- She walked into the room.
সে ঘরের ভিতরে ঢুকল।
Types of Prepositions
| Type | Purpose | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Preposition of Time | সময় বোঝায় | In, On, At, Since, For |
| Preposition of Place | স্থান বোঝায় | In, On, At, Under, Behind |
| Preposition of Direction | দিক বোঝায় | Into, Towards, Across |
| Preposition of Movement | চলাচল বোঝায় | To, From, Through |
| Preposition of Cause | কারণ বোঝায় | Because of, Due to |
| Preposition of Instrument | মাধ্যম বোঝায় | By, With |
Prepositions of Time
1. In
In ব্যবহার হয়—
- Month
- Year
- Century
- Season
- Long Period
Examples
In January
In 2025
In winter
In the morning
In the 21st century
Example Sentences
He was born in 2002.
We will meet in December.
She studies in the morning.
2. On
On ব্যবহার হয়—
- Day
- Date
- Specific Day
Examples
On Monday
On Sunday
On 15 August
On my birthday
Example Sentences
The exam is on Monday.
He was born on 21 January.
3. At
At ব্যবহার হয়—
- Exact Time
- Festivals (as a point of time)
- Specific Place
Examples
At 8 a.m.
At noon
At midnight
At sunrise
At present
Example Sentences
The train arrived at 9 p.m.
The meeting starts at 10 o'clock.
📊 In vs On vs At (Time)
| Preposition | Used For | Example |
|---|---|---|
| In | Month, Year, Season | In July |
| On | Day, Date | On Monday |
| At | Exact Time | At 8 p.m. |
Easy Memory Trick
IN
👉 বড় সময় (Big Time)
- In 2025
- In January
- In Winter
ON
👉 মাঝারি সময় (Day & Date)
- On Monday
- On Sunday
- On 10 June
AT
👉 নির্দিষ্ট সময় (Exact Time)
- At 7 a.m.
- At noon
- At midnight
Prepositions of Place
1. In
ব্যবহার হয়—
কোনো বড় জায়গা, শহর, দেশ, ঘরের ভিতরে বা আবদ্ধ স্থানে।
Examples
In India
In Kolkata
In a room
In a box
In the garden
Example Sentences
She lives in Delhi.
The keys are in the bag.
2. On
ব্যবহার হয়—
কোনো কিছুর উপরের পৃষ্ঠে (Surface)।
Examples
On the table
On the wall
On the roof
On the floor
Example Sentences
The book is on the table.
There is a picture on the wall.
3. At
ব্যবহার হয়—
নির্দিষ্ট স্থান বা Point বোঝাতে।
Examples
At school
At home
At the station
At the airport
At the bus stop
Example Sentences
I am at home.
She is waiting at the station.
📊 In vs On vs At (Place)
| Preposition | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| In | Inside বড় এলাকা | In Kolkata |
| On | Surface | On the table |
| At | Exact Point | At school |
Common Beginner Mistakes
❌ He lives at Kolkata.
✔ He lives in Kolkata.
❌ The book is in the table.
✔ The book is on the table.
❌ She arrived in 8 p.m.
✔ She arrived at 8 p.m.
❌ We will meet at Monday.
✔ We will meet on Monday.
💡 DC Mentor Smart Tips
⭐ IN = Inside / বড় সময় / বড় স্থান
⭐ ON = Surface / Day / Date
⭐ AT = Exact Time / Exact Point
📖 Quick Revision
| Preposition | Time | Place |
|---|---|---|
| In | Month, Year | City, Country |
| On | Day, Date | Surface |
| At | Exact Time | Exact Place |
🎯 Important Points
- Preposition সম্পর্ক প্রকাশ করে।
- In → Month, Year, City, Country, Inside।
- On → Day, Date, Surface।
- At → Exact Time, Exact Place।
- In–On–At Competitive Exam-এর সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অংশগুলোর একটি।
Commonly Confused Prepositions
Competitive Exam-এ সবচেয়ে বেশি প্রশ্ন আসে এমন Prepositions-গুলো এখানে বিস্তারিতভাবে আলোচনা করা হলো।
1. Since vs For
এই Topic থেকে প্রায় প্রতি পরীক্ষাতেই প্রশ্ন আসে।
| Since | For |
|---|---|
| নির্দিষ্ট সময় (Starting Point) | সময়ের দৈর্ঘ্য (Duration) |
| Since 2020 | For two years |
| Since Monday | For five days |
| Since morning | For three hours |
| Since January | For six months |
Examples
- I have lived here since 2020.আমি ২০২০ সাল থেকে এখানে বাস করছি।
- She has been studying since morning.সে সকাল থেকে পড়ছে।
- They have worked here for five years.তারা পাঁচ বছর ধরে এখানে কাজ করছে।
- I have waited for two hours.আমি দুই ঘণ্টা ধরে অপেক্ষা করছি।
Easy Trick
👉 Since = Starting Point
👉 For = Period of Time
2. By vs With
অনেকেই এই দুটি Preposition গুলিয়ে ফেলেন।
| By | With |
|---|---|
| কাজের কর্তা, মাধ্যম, পরিবহন | যন্ত্র, উপকরণ, বস্তু |
| By bus | With a knife |
| By train | With a pen |
| By Rahim | With a stick |
Examples
- The letter was written by Rahim.চিঠিটি রহিম লিখেছিল।
- I go to school by bus.আমি বাসে করে স্কুলে যাই।
- He cut the fruit with a knife.সে ছুরি দিয়ে ফল কাটল।
- She wrote with a blue pen.সে নীল কলম দিয়ে লিখেছে।
Shortcut
By = কে / দ্বারা / পরিবহন
With = কী দিয়ে
3. Between vs Among
| Between | Among |
|---|---|
| দুইজন বা দুইটির মধ্যে | দুইয়ের বেশি ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর মধ্যে |
Examples
- Divide the cake between the two boys.
- The teacher stood among the students.
- The match was played between India and Australia.
- She was sitting among her friends.
Easy Trick
2 = Between
3 বা তার বেশি = Among
4. Into vs In
| Into | In |
|---|---|
| বাইরে থেকে ভিতরে যাওয়া (Movement) | ভিতরে থাকা (Position) |
Examples
- He went into the room.সে ঘরের ভিতরে ঢুকল।
- He is in the room. সে ঘরের ভিতরে আছে।
- The cat jumped into the box.
- The cat is in the box.
Shortcut
👉 Into = Movement
👉 In = Position
5. Over vs Above
| Over | Above |
|---|---|
| ঠিক উপরে, ঢেকে বা অতিক্রম করে | উপরে কিন্তু স্পর্শ নয় |
Examples
- The plane flew over the city.
- A fan is above my head.
- The bridge is over the river.
- There is a lamp above the table.
Easy Trick
Over = উপরে + চলাচল/ঢেকে থাকা
Above = শুধু উপরে
6. Under vs Below
| Under | Below |
|---|---|
| ঠিক নিচে | নিচের স্তরে |
Examples
- The cat is under the table.
- The temperature is below zero.
- He hid under the bed.
- His marks are below average.
Shortcut
Under = ঠিক নিচে
Below = নিচের স্তরে / কম
7. Across vs Through
| Across | Through |
|---|---|
| এক পাশ থেকে অন্য পাশে | ভিতর দিয়ে |
Examples
- She walked across the road.
- The train passed through the tunnel.
- He swam across the river.
- Sunlight comes through the window.
Easy Trick
Across = এক প্রান্ত থেকে অন্য প্রান্ত
Through = ভিতর দিয়ে
8. Along vs Across
| Along | Across |
|---|---|
| বরাবর | এক পাশ থেকে অন্য পাশে |
Examples
- We walked along the river.
- He ran across the field.
- They drove along the highway.
- She walked across the bridge.
📊 Master Comparison Table
| Pair | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Since | Starting Point |
| For | Duration |
| By | মাধ্যম/কর্তা |
| With | যন্ত্র/উপকরণ |
| Between | দুইয়ের মধ্যে |
| Among | দুইয়ের বেশি |
| Into | ভিতরে প্রবেশ |
| In | ভিতরে থাকা |
| Over | উপরে/অতিক্রম |
| Above | শুধু উপরে |
| Under | ঠিক নিচে |
| Below | নিচের স্তরে |
| Across | এক পাশ থেকে অন্য পাশে |
| Through | ভিতর দিয়ে |
| Along | বরাবর |
🚫 Common Grammar Mistakes
❌ I have lived here for 2020.
✔ I have lived here since 2020.
❌ He cut the fruit by a knife.
✔ He cut the fruit with a knife.
❌ Divide the cake among two boys.
✔ Divide the cake between two boys.
❌ He is into the room.
✔ He is in the room.
❌ The bird flew above the river.
✔ The bird flew over the river.
❌ The temperature is under zero.
✔ The temperature is below zero.
❌ The train passed across the tunnel.
✔ The train passed through the tunnel.
❌ We walked across the river.
✔ We walked along the river.
🎯 DC Mentor Memory Tricks
Since → Starting Point
Since = Start
For → Full Duration
For = Full Time
By → মাধ্যম / কে
By = Bus / Train / Person
With → Tool
With = Knife / Pen / Stick
Between → 2
Among → 3+
Into → Move Inside
In → Stay Inside
Across → Cross
Through → Tunnel
⚡ Competitive Exam Tips
✅ Since/For থেকে প্রায় প্রতি পরীক্ষায় প্রশ্ন আসে।
✅ By/With Active–Passive Voice-এর সঙ্গেও গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।
✅ Between/Among Error Detection-এ নিয়মিত আসে।
✅ Into/In ও Across/Through Cloze Test-এ খুবই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।📖 40+ Solved Examples
Prepositions of Time
Example 1
The meeting starts at 10 a.m.
Example 2
My birthday is on 21 January.
Example 3
He was born in 2001.
Example 4
We study in the evening.
Example 5
The office remains closed on Sunday.
Example 6
She arrived at midnight.
Example 7
The examination will begin at 9:30 a.m.
Example 8
Our vacation starts in December.
Example 9
The function is on Independence Day.
Example 10
I usually wake up at 6 a.m.
Prepositions of Place
Example 11
The keys are in the drawer.
Example 12
The mobile phone is on the table.
Example 13
My father is waiting at the bus stop.
Example 14
She lives in Mumbai.
Example 15
The picture is on the wall.
Example 16
The students are in the classroom.
Example 17
The teacher is at school.
Example 18
There is a bird on the tree.
Note: যখন পাখি ডালে বসে থাকে, সাধারণত on the tree ব্যবহার করা হয়।
Example 19
The children are playing in the park.
Example 20
The train stopped at the station.
Since / For
Example 21
I have lived here since 2020.
Example 22
She has been reading for three hours.
Example 23
They have worked here since Monday.
Example 24
He has been ill for two weeks.
Example 25
We have known each other since childhood.
By / With
Example 26
He travelled by train.
Example 27
She wrote the letter with a pen.
Example 28
The window was broken by a boy.
Example 29
He opened the box with a key.
Example 30
The homework was completed by Rina.
Between / Among
Example 31
The agreement was signed between India and Nepal.
Example 32
The teacher distributed chocolates among the students.
Example 33
Choose between tea and coffee.
Example 34
She felt comfortable among her friends.
Into / In
Example 35
The child ran into the room.
Example 36
The child is in the room.
Across / Through
Example 37
They walked across the bridge.
Example 38
The train passed through the tunnel.
Over / Above
Example 39
The helicopter flew over the city.
Example 40
The fan is above the dining table.
📝 Fill in the Blanks Practice
1.
He lives ______ Kolkata.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. into
✅ Answer: B
2.
The train arrives ______ 8:30 a.m.
A. in
B. on
C. at
D. by
✅ Answer: C
3.
She has been working here ______ 2019.
A. for
B. since
C. by
D. in
✅ Answer: B
4.
He wrote the answer ______ a pencil.
A. by
B. with
C. on
D. from
✅ Answer: B
5.
The match was played ______ India and Australia.
A. among
B. between
C. into
D. through
✅ Answer: B
6.
The cat jumped ______ the box.
A. in
B. into
C. at
D. on
✅ Answer: B
7.
We walked ______ the river.
A. through
B. across
C. along
D. under
✅ Answer: C
8.
The bird flew ______ the river.
A. over
B. under
C. below
D. in
✅ Answer: A
9.
She reached school ______ time.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. by
✅ Answer: D
Explanation: By time = সময়মতো।
10.
The students walked ______ the classroom.
A. through
B. into
C. above
D. beside
✅ Answer: B
📚 Verb + Preposition (Very Important)
Competitive Exam-এ এই অংশ থেকে নিয়মিত প্রশ্ন আসে।
| Verb | Preposition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Listen | to | Listen to music. |
| Depend | on | We depend on water. |
| Believe | in | I believe in hard work. |
| Agree | with | I agree with you. |
| Agree | to | He agreed to the proposal. |
| Apply | for | Apply for the job. |
| Apologize | for | He apologized for his mistake. |
| Belong | to | This bag belongs to me. |
| Wait | for | Wait for me. |
| Look | at | Look at the board. |
| Look | after | She looks after her grandmother. |
| Laugh | at | Don't laugh at others. |
| Deal | with | He deals with customers. |
| Suffer | from | She suffers from fever. |
| Search | for | Police searched for the missing child. |
📘 Adjective + Preposition
| Adjective | Preposition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Good | at | She is good at English. |
| Interested | in | I am interested in science. |
| Afraid | of | He is afraid of dogs. |
| Famous | for | Kolkata is famous for sweets. |
| Different | from | This book is different from that one. |
| Full | of | The glass is full of water. |
| Proud | of | We are proud of our country. |
| Similar | to | Your answer is similar to mine. |
| Responsible | for | He is responsible for the project. |
| Married | to | She is married to a doctor. |
🚫 Error Detection Practice
1.
❌ He is good in English.
✔ He is good at English.
2.
❌ We discussed about the issue.
✔ We discussed the issue.
Discuss-এর পরে সাধারণত about ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
3.
❌ She married with a doctor.
✔ She is married to a doctor.
4.
❌ I prefer tea than coffee.
✔ I prefer tea to coffee.
5.
❌ He insisted to going.
✔ He insisted on going.
6.
❌ She entered into the room.
✔ She entered the room.
Enter-এর পরে সাধারণত into ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
7.
❌ He resembles with his father.
✔ He resembles his father.
8.
❌ The teacher explained me the lesson.
✔ The teacher explained the lesson to me.
9.
❌ They requested for help.
✔ They requested help.
10.
❌ He ordered for tea.
✔ He ordered tea.
🎯 DC Mentor's Golden Rules
Rule 1
Listen → to
✔ Listen to music.
Rule 2
Depend → on
✔ We depend on nature.
Rule 3
Interested → in
✔ Interested in mathematics.
Rule 4
Good → at
✔ Good at English.
Rule 5
Different → from
✔ Different from others.
Rule 6
Married → to
✔ Married to a teacher.
Rule 7
Proud → of
✔ Proud of India.
Rule 8
Responsible → for
✔ Responsible for the work.
⚡ Competitive Exam Strategy
মনে রাখার জন্য এই ১০টি Combination সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ—
- Listen to
- Depend on
- Believe in
- Good at
- Interested in
- Afraid of
- Famous for
- Different from
- Proud of
- Responsible for
📝 Practice MCQs (30 Questions)
1. He lives ______ Kolkata.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. into
✅ Answer: B
Explanation: শহর (City)-এর আগে সাধারণত in ব্যবহৃত হয়।
2. The meeting starts ______ 10 a.m.
A. in
B. on
C. at
D. by
✅ Answer: C
Explanation: নির্দিষ্ট সময়ের (Exact Time) আগে at বসে।
3. My birthday is ______ 21 January.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. by
✅ Answer: C
4. She has lived here ______ 2018.
A. for
B. since
C. by
D. from
✅ Answer: B
5. We have been waiting ______ two hours.
A. since
B. in
C. for
D. by
✅ Answer: C
6. He came ______ bus.
A. with
B. by
C. in
D. on
✅ Answer: B
7. She cut the paper ______ scissors.
A. by
B. at
C. with
D. from
✅ Answer: C
8. Divide the sweets ______ the two children.
A. among
B. between
C. into
D. through
✅ Answer: B
9. The teacher stood ______ the students.
A. between
B. among
C. over
D. into
✅ Answer: B
10. The boy jumped ______ the river.
A. into
B. in
C. at
D. on
✅ Answer: A
11. The fish is ______ the water.
A. into
B. in
C. over
D. on
✅ Answer: B
12. The plane flew ______ the city.
A. above
B. below
C. over
D. under
✅ Answer: C
13. The fan is ______ my head.
A. over
B. above
C. into
D. through
✅ Answer: B
14. The cat is hiding ______ the bed.
A. under
B. below
C. over
D. above
✅ Answer: A
15. The temperature is ______ zero today.
A. under
B. below
C. over
D. above
✅ Answer: B
16. We walked ______ the bridge.
A. through
B. across
C. under
D. beside
✅ Answer: B
17. The train passed ______ the tunnel.
A. across
B. through
C. along
D. into
✅ Answer: B
18. They walked ______ the river.
A. across
B. along
C. into
D. above
✅ Answer: B
19. Please listen ______ me carefully.
A. at
B. to
C. on
D. with
✅ Answer: B
20. We depend ______ electricity.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. with
✅ Answer: C
21. She is interested ______ music.
A. at
B. on
C. in
D. for
✅ Answer: C
22. He is good ______ Mathematics.
A. in
B. on
C. at
D. with
✅ Answer: C
23. Kolkata is famous ______ sweets.
A. of
B. at
C. for
D. with
✅ Answer: C
24. This pen belongs ______ me.
A. with
B. at
C. to
D. for
✅ Answer: C
25. She apologized ______ her mistake.
A. with
B. for
C. at
D. by
✅ Answer: B
26. He suffers ______ asthma.
A. with
B. by
C. from
D. in
✅ Answer: C
27. I agree ______ your opinion.
A. on
B. with
C. to
D. by
✅ Answer: B
Explanation: কোনো ব্যক্তির মতামতের সঙ্গে একমত হলে agree with ব্যবহার হয়।
28. This book is different ______ that one.
A. than
B. with
C. from
D. to
✅ Answer: C
29. The glass is full ______ water.
A. with
B. of
C. from
D. by
✅ Answer: B
30. We are proud ______ our country.
A. for
B. with
C. of
D. to
✅ Answer: C
📊 Complete Prepositions Revision Chart
| Rule | Correct Preposition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Month / Year | In | In July, In 2025 |
| Day / Date | On | On Monday |
| Exact Time | At | At 8 a.m. |
| City / Country | In | In Kolkata |
| Surface | On | On the table |
| Exact Place | At | At school |
| Starting Point | Since | Since 2020 |
| Duration | For | For two years |
| Transport / Agent | By | By train, By Rahim |
| Instrument | With | With a knife |
| Two Persons/Things | Between | Between A and B |
| Three or More | Among | Among friends |
| Movement Inside | Into | Into the room |
| Position Inside | In | In the room |
| Cross from One Side | Across | Across the road |
| Pass Inside | Through | Through the tunnel |
| Directly Higher / Covering | Over | Over the bridge |
| Higher Position | Above | Above the fan |
| Directly Below | Under | Under the chair |
| Lower Level | Below | Below sea level |
⚡ Last-Minute Revision Notes
✅ In → Month, Year, City, Country, Inside
✅ On → Day, Date, Surface
✅ At → Exact Time, Exact Place
✅ Since → Starting Point
✅ For → Duration
✅ By → মাধ্যম / কর্তা / Transport
✅ With → Tool / Instrument
✅ Between → দুইজন / দুইটি
✅ Among → তিন বা ততোধিক
✅ Into → ভিতরে প্রবেশ
✅ In → ভিতরে থাকা
🚫 Common Exam Traps
❌ He discussed about the issue.
✔ He discussed the issue.
❌ She entered into the room.
✔ She entered the room.
❌ I prefer tea than coffee.
✔ I prefer tea to coffee.
❌ He married with a doctor.
✔ He is married to a doctor.
❌ We requested for help.
✔ We requested help.
❌ He ordered for tea.
✔ He ordered tea.
❌ They reached to the station.
✔ They reached the station.
Note: Reach-এর পরে সাধারণত to ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
❌ He is good in English.
✔ He is good at English.
🎯 DC Mentor's Golden Formula
Preposition-এর প্রশ্ন এলে এই ৫ ধাপ অনুসরণ করুন—
Step 1
Time নাকি Place?
Step 2
Time হলে—
- Month/Year → In
- Day/Date → On
- Exact Time → At
Step 3
Place হলে—
- City/Country → In
- Surface → On
- Exact Point → At
Step 4
Movement নাকি Position?
- Movement → Into
- Position → In
Step 5
Comparison Pair মনে রাখুন—
- Since ↔ For
- By ↔ With
- Between ↔ Among
- Across ↔ Through
- Over ↔ Above
- Under ↔ Below
❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. Preposition কী?
Preposition হলো এমন একটি শব্দ যা Noun বা Pronoun-এর সঙ্গে বাক্যের অন্য অংশের সময়, স্থান, দিক, কারণ বা সম্পর্ক প্রকাশ করে।
2. Competitive Exam-এ কোন Preposition সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ?
In, On, At, Since, For, By, With, Between, Among, Into, Across, Through—এইগুলো সবচেয়ে বেশি জিজ্ঞাসা করা হয়।
3. Since এবং For-এর মধ্যে পার্থক্য কী?
- Since = নির্দিষ্ট শুরুর সময় (Starting Point)
- For = সময়ের দৈর্ঘ্য (Duration)
4. By এবং With-এর পার্থক্য কী?
- By = ব্যক্তি, পরিবহন বা মাধ্যম
- With = যন্ত্র বা উপকরণ
5. Preposition শেখার সবচেয়ে ভালো উপায় কী?
প্রতিদিন ১০–১৫টি Sentence Practice করুন এবং Verb + Preposition ও Adjective + Preposition Combination মুখস্থ করুন।
🏆 Conclusion
Prepositions হলো English Grammar-এর সবচেয়ে Scoring Topics-এর একটি। WB Gram Panchayat, SSC, TET, Railway, Banking, PSC, Food SI সহ প্রায় সব Competitive Exam-এ Preposition থেকে প্রশ্ন আসে।

